Doug, I have a finish question. Can you explain what "orange peel" is, why it happens, and how to prevent it?
Sure! Orange peel is where the finish isn't smooth and looks like the surface of an orange. There are lots of factors in this, the reality is, it's just about impossible to spray any finish that isn't slightly peely (look at any car you see, especially darker colored GM ones, you'll see what I mean. All of them have a bit of orange peel to the surface).
So this happens for a variety of reasons. Too much air pressure when spraying, too little, too hot, too cold ect. Honestly, it's impossible to really lay down a perfectly flat clear coat.
What you do is after it dries, you actually level sand the entire surface again with very high grit (very fine) sand paper, then buff it back to a shine. That's where you'll see the big difference between a brand new Chevy Suburban paint job which is straight from the spray gun and someones custom painted hot rod. The final leveling and buffing stage is very time intensive, guitars are no exception.
The biggest problem with guitars is:
1. They can be difficult to spray or buff certain area's
2. Wood will always cause the finish to shrink in somewhat eventually.
3. You run the risk of "burning through" the color layers when leveling and buffing ("cut and buff").
I use 2k urethanes. It's hard enough that I can actually get my finishes thinner than most lacquers. The myth that lacquer is the thinnest finish possible is really bullshit. No matter what you spray, you need X amount of material on the surface so you can level and buff it. With softer, brittle finishes (lacquer) you need more. With harder finishes, you can spray less build thickness. The other factor is how good you are at spraying it, less peel = less sanding.
Urethanes got a bad rap (polyester especially, all urethanes are NOT the same thing) because even though you
can get away with less, most of the lower end guitars hog that stuff on. They do it so they can quickly level and buff with the least amount of risk possible about burning through. When you burn through the color, it can be almost impossible to touch up meaning you go back WEEKS in terms of labor.
See how the surface is textured like a peel? That's orange peel. This was a bit worse than normal because it was so much colder than I like to spray at I was on the conservative side putting material on.
after being leveled and buffed.